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Love, marriage, and sex with robots? Not in a million years? Maybe a whole lot sooner.From a leading expert in artificial intelligence comes an eye-opening, superbly argued book that explores a new level of human intimacy and relationships—with robots.
From Pygmalion falling for his chiseled Galatea to Dr. Frankenstein marveling at his "modern Prometheus" to the man-meets-machine fiction of Philip K. Dick and Michael Crichton, humans have been enthralled by the possibilities of emotional relationships with their technological creations. Synthesizing cutting-edge research in robotics with the cultural history and psychology of artificial intelligence, Love and Sex with Robots explores this fascination and its far-reaching implications.
Using examples drawn from around the world, David Levy shows how automata have evolved from the mechanical marvels of centuries past to the electronic androids of the modern age, and how human interactions with technology have changed over the years. Along the way, Levy explores many aspects of human relationships—the reasons we fall in love, why we form emotional attachments to animals and to virtual pets such as the Tamagotchi, and why these same attachments could extend to love for robots. He also examines the needs we seek to fulfill through sexual relationships, tracking the development of life-sized dolls, machines, and other sexual devices, and demonstrating how society's ideas about what constitutes normal sex have changed—and will continue to change—as sexual technology becomes increasingly sophisticated.
Shocking but utterly convincing, Love and Sex with Robots provides insights that are surprisingly relevant to our everyday interactions with technology. This is science brought to life, and Levy makes a compelling and titillating case that the entities we once deemed cold and mechanical will soon become the objects of real companionship and human desire. Anyone reading the book with an open mind will find a wealth of fascinating material on this important new direction of intimate relationships, a direction that, before long, will be regarded as perfectly normal.
- Sales Rank: #1000186 in Books
- Published on: 2007-11-06
- Released on: 2007-11-06
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.23" w x 6.00" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 352 pages
From Publishers Weekly
In this wide-ranging examination of the emotional and physical relations between humans and the inanimate objects of their desire, AI guru Levy (Robots Unlimited) first addresses the question of love with robots, and moves on to consider the mechanics of actually having sex with them. In order to put the reader at ease with the possibility of human-robot love, Levy compares the phenomenon to the ways in which humans fall in love with each other, their pets, and even their motorcycles. From there, Levy argues, it is a short emotional step to the affection people can be expected to display towards robots. Some readers may be turned off by Levy's fairly graphic descriptions of the mechanics of having sex with robots, and may wonder why Levy chose not to include recent research on the human genome that could one day lead to replacing human "parts," potentially making us more robot-like ourselves. Though Levy's topic is undeniably on the fringe, it will appeal to readers keen on pondering futuristic scenarios.
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Review
Fascinating. It raises important questions about the future of robots…and what our interactions with them might teach us about ourselves. --New Scientist
[Levy] comes up with so many rational, scientific, and sociologically sound arguments that the deeper you get into the book, the more difficult it becomes to dismiss his thesis. --Chicago Sun-Times
About the Author
David Levy is an internationally recognized expert on artificial intelligence and the president of the International Computer Games Association. He is also the author of the industry primer Robots Unlimited. He lives in London.
Most helpful customer reviews
35 of 37 people found the following review helpful.
A fascinating subject, but ignores most of the important issues
By Robert Moore
David Levy's book is divided into two and unequal parts, both in length and in interest. Most readers, I would imagine, if told that a book was divided into a longer section about future emotional relations between humans and robots and a shorter section on sex with robots would guess that the more interesting would be the latter. For me, at least, the opposite was the case. I was barely able to stay awake while reading the sex chapters, while I found the chapters dealing with potential emotional connections with robots to be fascinating. Levy makes, I believe, a convincing case that robots will play an increasingly important and essential role in human social life. If nothing else, the comparison between pets and robots is telling. There is no question that millions of humans treat pet animals as friends and have strong emotional connections with them. That we will feel similar ties to robots when the A.I. has developed to an extent to make genuine interaction possible seems to me to be impossible to debate. Or, rather, some may debate it, but many others will nonetheless employ robots as companions or more.
Much of the book is dedicated to detailing the reasons why humans and robots will before the end of the 21st century - indeed, Levy believes it will be around the midpoint of the century - humans will fall in love with and have sex with robots. He addresses issues such as the grounds for attachment, the technological hurdles that remain to be overcome, and the status of work on artificial intelligence. The sex portion of the book is a rather dull catalog of the use of inanimate objects to achieve sexual climax. After all these chapters I can't believe that many would have many doubts THAT these things will happen, quite apart from any issues of whether they SHOULD happen.
Curiously and sadly, Levy ducks all the tough issues and questions. In a way, he almost acts as an apologist for human on robot love. But he persistently and doggedly refused to deal with the many troubling moral issues that attach to his subject. This makes what could have been very good book a marginally useful one.
Let me give some examples of the issues Levy simply ignores. In a very few years we will be able to make amazingly complex robots with whom humans can fall in love and even have relationships with. They will be objects of sexual desire. But what of someone who wants a robot made in the image of a 12-year-old girl? Or a 9-year-old boy? Is this something that we as a society will in any way want to permit or tolerate? Will we want to prohibit the manufacture of robots that look like and behave like young children? What kinds of limits will we wish to place on the treatment of robots? What if someone wants to beat and batter their robot? What if part of their sexual desire involves the willful destruction of one? Will we make such things illegal? If so, what will be the punishment? Will it be treated as a misdemeanor or a felony? Will it be treated primarily as an offense towards the robot or as a kind of behavior that could provide a transition to abuse of humans? Levy seems to assume that relations between humans and robots will be unproblematic. It seems to me that they will be enormously problematic and that our interaction with robots - especially if the A.I. gets to the point where robots can be said to be self-aware or autonomous - will generate a host of new and major moral and legal issues. And I think it is a major flaw in any book purporting to deal with love and sex between humans and robots to ignore these tremendously important moral issues.
Levy also ignores other important issues, such as the social and cultural effects of humans effectively replacing relationships with humans with robots. If humans - male and female - turn to robots because of their physical attractiveness, their sexual prowess, and their pre-programmed uncritical acceptance of their human partners, then how will this affect human-human relationships? And what does it say about society that human-human relationships are so unsatisfying that robots could fill a major need. There is a deep sadness to Levy's subject that he as apologist simply ignores.
In short, I feel that this book was a missed opportunity. Levy introduces an important subject, but does not address many of the most obvious and pressing issues surrounding it. The book is very thought provoking because it deals with many societal and technological inevitabilities, but it also skirts a host of issues that will unquestionably arise.
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Profound Satire on our age
By Al Rodbell
Towards the end of this book, Levy described a project within the MIT Media Department dedicated his topic, "the technology of sexual-emotional simulation." The description of the goals and individual characteristics of those accepted to participate were precise, and demanding, including "personal experience with a wide array of sexual activities." I was taken aback that the developments that he expected to reach fruition only in a several decades was so accepted in the academic community. Then he told us that, as realistic as it was, it was a hoax, it was satire. There is no such project at MIT or anywhere else. In the same vein while every part of this book is extensively researched, Levy's tome is most useful as a mirror on our own conflicting revolutionary post 1950s era. Satire may not be the right word, but the most valuable effect of this informative compendium is that we think about just why humans and robots will never marry, and in doing so have a new insight into the lightening speed changes that have occurred in our unique brief moment in cultural history.
I fully accept that those who were depicted in the novel and films, "The Stepford Wives" who happened to be robots rather than human could be technically approximated in Levy's general timeframe. He talks about the great advantages, but here he is either satiric or clueless, so I will give him the benefit of the doubt, and call it brilliant Swiftian satire. While same sex marriage, however we may view it (and the cultural objections have been consigned to the work of evil psychopaths afflicted with the disease of homophobia) is a commitment of two humans who choose this relationship. Sex robots can not be a member of a marriage whether such realistic objects can be created in a few decades, centuries or millennia. Somehow, given Levy's erudition, I think he knows this, but is leaving this for the reader to realize.
The female sex robot will not take the place of marriage, but rather be a substitute for a mistress, concubine or prostitute. It will be a subordinate object for the satisfaction of the dominant individual, who will follow such instruction. It can be a "marriage" in the way the Donald Trump had a marriage to Marla Maples, which was a two year contract of concubinage, with conditions of termination and none of the tacit obligations usually part of the marriage relationship. In this respect, whether a Trump marriage or one to a sex robot, the advantages are many. And for those who do not have the emotional capacity to participate in the full richness-the joy and distresses-of having a human companion as a life partner, such a sex-robot certainly could be a useful appliance.
I do wonder about my overestimating Levy, when he makes no distinction between the expected improvements in sex robots, to inclusion of the potential of self replication of such devices, in his metaphor of its set of character defining parameters being equated with DNA. Of course DNA is a coding of the entire life span of an organism, from the zygote, the embryo, fetus and the billions of subtle ever changing processes that leads to the creation of an infant, who develops into a mature, and marriageable adult. For Levy to include such a silly bit of nonsense into an otherwise fact based book makes me wonder about whether if he can make such an error, he even understands the difference between listening to a symphony on the finest stereo system and what it takes to create this music. The former is available for the average person to enjoy, while the real thing takes millions of human-hours of training of the musicians and the composer incorporating the entire cannon of music creation to create the performance that is now so accurately synthesized. This example also illustrates the social effects of his sex robotic future. Musician as occupation is now no longer viable, for the very reason that technology has allowed infinite replication of a single performance, whereas a century ago, the ratio was direct, the hundred musicians were needws for each performance. So to Levy's dystopic future will make the role of spouse equally oboslete.
Back to Levy as a satiric genius such as Jonathon Swift as presenting the argument of replacing women, who unlike his sex robots, do not have an off switch when they start to demand that you fix that broken window, and a "lets conjugate" button you can push when you are in the mood, and who never get old, or sick, menopausal or depressed. There is the problem of social acceptability of such sex-robots that he does address and in his historian mode, he talks about how in a brief half century the concept of "until death you do part" has been replaced with "as long as you both are happy in this relationship." So, his analysis of the trajectory of the increasing velocity of change in the definition of marriage is dead on. But his major error, or brilliance as satire, is seeing this as the natural evolution of marriage ;rather than the evolution of appliances that take labor-saving to the next step--that of saving of the emotional burdens of spousehood.
We have replaced the feudal relationships between landowner and serf that had been one of mutual, if unequal, obligations, with that of employer and employee. This has evolved from complete subservience to a degree of mutual responsibilities in some areas. Yet, the movement towards robotics in this employee domain is not unlike what will be possible in human sexual relationships. But, the robot will never, can never be a sentient being even if it does talk, tell jokes and perform sex. In reality it will be closer to a vacuum cleaner than the lowest of animals defined by the primacy of their urge to procreate and fear of death. So we can relate to such beings, pets or animals in a zoo, as we have these features in common, which we can never have even with the super advanced sex robot of Levy's future.
Satire is a way of stimulating otherwise suppressed ways of thinking. Jonathan Swifts "A Modest Proposal" allowed us to think about children as protein for ingestion, which they could be. By Swift leading us into this contemplation, we respond by articulating why we do not accept it. Absurdity is therapy of the soul that opens up our cultural certainties. I choose to assume that David Levy wrote this book for this purpose, which for completion of its effect requires the final chapter be written by his provoked readers, which by the courtesy of this web site, can provide an added dimension to this important work.
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
An outline of a natural and desirable development
By Dr. Lee D. Carlson
Given the reported emotional attachments that some soldiers have with the machines that sometimes save their lives, or AIBO owners to their robot dogs, it is easy to accept a book that discusses the possibility of actual love affairs or even sex with humanoid-like machines. From a purely sexual standpoint, this would be a natural evolution, as the title of this book suggests, given the wide use of sexual devices throughout history. But to fall in love with a robot would require that this type of machine be responsive to the needs and personal idiosyncrasies of its human counterpart, as well as be convincing in its need for companionship and intimacy. Such a machine would require a technology that is way beyond current capabilities, but given the rapidity of technological advance at the present time, especially in artificial intelligence, it is very plausible to assume that it will be available in a very short time.
This of course is not the first book to elaborate on the possibility of love affairs or sex with robots. Science fiction has used this in its story lines for many decades now. And Hollywood has brought these stories to life on the big screen, along with others that give alternative, and very terrifying portrayals of human-machine interactions. The virtue of this book is not only its careful attention to history, but also its optimistic tone. The author is in no way intimidated by the possibility of love or sexual affairs with machines, and even embraces it as a desirable development. And of course it is, for it allows humans even more possibilities for exploration and future paths for the curious.
The book is also valuable solely for the history that it contains, and for the psychological insight on the nature of human love and sexual attraction. Its only minus is that the author does not give any hints on what it might take technologically to build machines that could not only respond to human emotions but also experience such emotions themselves. The author should have given a summary of the present status of machine intelligence and just what needs to be perfected or changed to bring about these kinds of machines.
The author makes it a point to inform the reader that he does not view such developments as far-fetched, and if one studies the growth of intelligent technology in the past two decades, ample support for his thesis can be readily obtained. Even more important is his notion that human sexual experiences or love affairs will be actually enhanced by machines. Or, even more interesting, is that the machines themselves will find such relationships with humans even more satisfying than those among themselves. Such a human/machine symbiosis seems not only possible but also desirable.
Very desirable.
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